Magnetohydrodynamic couple stress hybrid nanofluid flow over a convectively heated stretching surface

N. S. Khashi'ie¹ - K. B. Hamzah² - I. Waini² - N. A. Zainal¹ - N. M. Arifin³ - I. Pop⁴

¹ Fakulti Teknologi dan Kejuruteraan Mekanikal, Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka, 76100 Durian Tunggal, Malaysia
² Fakulti Teknologi dan Kejuruteraan Industri dan Pembuatan, Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka, Hang Tuah Jaya, 76100 Durian Tunggal, Melaka, Malaysia
³ Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
⁴ Department of Mathematics, Babes-Bolyai University, 400084Cluj-Napoca, Romania

Abstract
This study investigates the combined influence of magnetic field, suction effect and convective boundary condition on the flow and heat transfer characteristics of couple stress hybrid nanofluid (HNF) flow subjected to a stretching surface. The governing equations for the couple stress hybrid nanofluid flow are formulated and solved numerically using the efficient computational bvp4c solver embedded in the Matlab software. The hybrid nanofluid composed of a base fluid (methanol) and hybrid nanoparticles (AA7072 and AA7075-aluminium alloys) is characterized by considering the single phase nanofluid model. Validation is conducted with previously published results indicating that the presented model is correct. The analysis considers the presence of an external magnetic field, which has a significant influence on the flow and heat transfer behaviours (skin friction and heat transfer) as well as the velocity and temperature profiles. The findings contribute to a deeper understanding of the coupled effects of MHD and Biot number (generated by the convective boundary condition) on the hybrid nanofluid's flow and thermal progress. However, the results are applicable for the stretching plate only. Further, such insights are crucial for optimizing thermal management systems and enhancing heat transfer processes in advanced engineering applications. Tables 5, Figs 5, Refs 21.