Heat transfer enhancement of EMHD GO-MoS₂-Ag/H₂O flow toward shrinking Riga plate with velocity and thermal slips impacts

N. A. A. M. Nasir^1,2 - N. Zainuddin^3, - N. M. Arifin^2,4 - N. S. Wahid⁴ - I. Pop⁵

¹ Department of Mathematics, Centre for Defence Foundation Studies, Universiti Pertahanan Nasional Malaysia, Kem Sungai Besi 57000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
² Laboratory of Computational Sciences and Mathematical Physics, Institute for Mathematical Research, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 {UPM} Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
³ Department of Fundamental and Applied Sciences, Faculty of Science and Information Technology, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 32610 Seri Iskandar, Perak, Malaysia
⁴ Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
⁵ Department of Mathematics, Babes-Bolyai University, 400084 Cluj-Napoca, Romania

Abstract
This study investigates the heat transport and flow of ternary hybrid nanofluid over a shrinking Riga plate, considering the influences of non-uniform heat source/sink, velocity slip, and thermal slip effects. The nanometals used in this research for the ternary hybrid nanofluid are graphene oxide (GO), molybdenum sulfide (MoS₂) and silver (Ag) with fluid-based water (H₂O). The governing equations also involve electromagnetohydrodynamics (EMHD) combined with an electromagnetic surface named Riga plate, which are derived and further limited to ordinary differential equations to reduce the complexity of the solution. Solutions are computed using a user-friendly solver bvp4c built in the MATLAB software. The findings indicate that the velocity slip, Eckert number and the magnetic parameter produce similar effects on the augmentation of temperature profiles and Nusselt number. However, the EMHD parameter forces the velocity, skin friction and the Nusselt number to decrease. Furthermore, the concentration of GO has a significant impact on the temperature profile, skin friction and Nusselt number to increase. These findings are particularly advantageous for the development of advanced cooling technologies, as well as for enhancing the efficiency of power converters and inverters used in renewable energy systems. Tables 5, Figs 10, Refs 22.