Heat/mass transfer performance in magnetohydrodynamic Carreau hybrid nanofluid with dual nanoparticles (molybdenum disulfide and silica)

S. S. P. M. Isa^1,2 - A. N. M. Som² - N. Balakrishnan¹

¹ Institute for Mathematical Research, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
² Centre for Foundation Studies in Science of Universiti Putra Malaysia, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia

Abstract
This paper is aimed to solve a two-dimensional model of magnetohydrodynamic flow of Carreau nanofluid with hybrid nano-structures over an exponentially extending sheet. The occurrence of Soret and Dufour parameters ais taken into account. Four partial differential equations are comprised in the model, namely, continuity, momentum, energy and concentration equations, together with boundary conditions. The similarity transformation is performed to modify the partial differential equations into ordinary differential equations. The bvp4c built-in function accommodated by the MATLAB software is employed to numerically solve the ordinary differential equations and the boundary conditions. The results that correspond to the velocity, temperature and concentration profiles against the related boundary layer thickness are obtained and presented graphically. Besides, the physical parameters such as the skin friction coefficient, the local Nusselt number and the local Sherwood number are plotted against the extending rate of the bounded sheet. The enhancement and decrement of the profiles and physical parameters are influenced by the Soret-Dufour parameters and the motion parameters (mixed convection and buoyancy ratio). From the results, it can be concluded that decreasing the mixed convection parameter and buoyancy ratio can decrease the skin friction coefficient. In addition, the increment in the Soret-Dufour parameter leads to heat transfer enhancement and mass transfer decrease. Tables 3, Figs 13, Refs 33.